Git was originally created for managing the Linux kernel source. Repository: Where Git permanently stores the changes you have made as different versions of the project.Staging area: The area where you will list the changes that you have made to the working directory.Working directory: The area that you will be doing all of your work in (creating, editing, deleting, and organizing files).Git has 3 different 'areas' for your code: Git makes the process of creating these branches, and then subsequently merging them back together, nearly painless.

This enables scenarios where one branch contains the most recent stable version, a different branch contains a set of new features being developed, and a yet another branch contains a different set of features. Git also allows for users to create new 'branches' of the code, which allows different versions of the code to live alongside each other. All commits are kept in what is known as a 'Git Repository' that can be hosted on your computer, private servers, or open source websites, such at Github. Utilizing commits allows programmers to test, debug, and create new features collaboratively. Git is a free, distributed version control system which allows programmers to keep track of code changes, via 'snapshots' (commits), in its current state. Tidying up your local and remote repository.Reflog - Restoring commits not shown in git log.Display commit history graphically with Gitk.

mailmap file: Associating contributor and email aliases

Updated git for mac 2016